Yearly Archives: 2024

“Draw Me a Circle” and Where You Place Me Makes All the Difference

Danielle Stokes, From Redlining to Greenlining, 71 UCLA L. Rev. __ (forthcoming, 2024) available at SSRN (June 8, 2023).

I like circles, don’t ask me why. Maybe I like them because they make me think about how a few inches, feet, or yards can make a world of difference. If you enclose me in a circle, you may destine me for a lifetime (even generations) of disinvestment, lost opportunity, and lost hope. These are the vestiges of redlining, a historic process in which the federal government participated in racially segregated housing beginning in the 1930s by refusing to insure home mortgages in and near Black neighborhoods.

As I prepared to teach a housing law course this summer in Cambridge, England, I thought a lot about circles and in my research, I discovered Danielle Stokes’s recent article, From Redlining to Greenlining. The title of her article harkens to the old lending maps of the 1930s — the few inches on a map between green and red, blocks or miles on the ground, and untold lost opportunities or thwarted dreams for those enclosed in the thin red circle.

A red circle drawn around a neighborhood on a lender’s map signaled high lending risk and therefore an undesirable neighborhood. Place me on the outside of this thin red circle and my economic prospects (and my family’s prospects potentially for generations) are much improved. In fact, on these same color-coded maps, areas in green signified the lowest level of lending risk and were highly recommended for lending. They were also White, racially homogenous neighborhoods. Continue reading "“Draw Me a Circle” and Where You Place Me Makes All the Difference"

Insights for U.S. Law Professors in the History of Cuba

Ada Ferrer, Cuba: An American History (2021).

On the day in 1853 when Franklin Pierce was inaugurated as president of the United States, his vice president, William Rufus King, took the oath of office remotely—from his sugar plantation in Cuba, where he was dying of tuberculosis. An Alabama cotton planter, King also owned an estate on the island and was resting there in the hopes (which proved futile) that the tropical air might cure him. As Ada Ferrer writes when recounting this anecdote in her awe-inspiring, Pulitzer Prize-winning work, Cuba: An American History: “The story of the inauguration of an American vice president in Cuba is unexpected” (P. 109).

I’ll say! As the holder of an advanced degree in U.S. history, I would like to think I know a little bit about the twists and turns of American designs on Cuba, but I must admit I did not know this story. As Ferrer goes on to explain, “the spectacle of an Alabama slaveholder taking office as vice president of the United States in the heart of Cuban sugar country” is not merely a fun piece of historical trivia but exemplifies just how intertwined the island and its northern neighbor have always been throughout their respective histories, initially through the economic system of slavery and also through the persistent dreams of prominent Americans that the United States might one day annex Cuba as a territory (Pp. 109-10). Continue reading "Insights for U.S. Law Professors in the History of Cuba"